Specify the Usebasicparsing Parameter and Try Again System net webclient
Do you demand to download files from the web but hate repeatedly clicking links? If your task involves downloading files from the web regularly, you lot will probably want to automate the task. Why not use PowerShell to download files much like an culling PowerShell wget?
Windows PowerShell and PowerShell comes with file-download capabilities. Using PowerShell to download files is a matter of knowing which cmdlets and .Net classes to utilize and how to use them.
In this article, yous'll learn the diverse means to use PowerShell to download files from the spider web.
Prerequisites
Since this is a learning-by-doing article, there are some prerequisites to ensure that you tin can follow the examples. Below are the basic requirements.
- A computer that is running on Windows ten or higher. This computer is where you will run the scripts/commands featured in this commodity.
- Windows PowerShell 5.1 or PowerShell 7.1 (recommended).
- Windows 10 already includes Windows PowerShell v.1.
- A web site that hosts the files to download.
- For not-authenticated file downloads, consider using the Tele2 Speedtest site, which is free.
- If you want to test file downloads with authorization, you may have to build your HTTP file server. An case of a gratuitous HTTP file server is HFS by Rejetto.
Using PowerShell to Download Files from URLs: Four Ways
There are four methods to use PowerShell to download files that practise not depend on third-party tools. These are:
-
Invoke-WebRequest -
Invoke-RestMethod -
Commencement-BitsTransfer - .NET WebClient Course.
Whichever one of these iv methods y'all use, the logic and components to make them work are the same. There must exist a source URL pointing to the file's location and the destination path to relieve the downloaded files. If required by the webserver, you demand to enter the credentials also.
The next sections show each of these four methods. In the end, it's upwardly to you to make up one's mind which way you would adapt when using PowerShell to download files.
Using Invoke-WebRequest every bit a PowerShell wget Culling
The first method in PowerShell to download files is by using the Invoke-WebRequest cmdlet. Perhaps the well-nigh used cmdlet in this commodity, Invoke-WebRequest, tin can download HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP links.
Whether the source location requires users to log in, the Invoke-WebRequest cmdlet can handle requests with credentials as well.
To download a file, the syntax below shows the minimum parameters required to achieve the desired event.
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri <source> -OutFile <destination> For example, the lawmaking below downloads a file with the proper noun 10MB.zip from a website. Then information technology saves the downloaded file to C:\dload\10MB.zip. Yous may copy the code below and paste information technology into your PowerShell session to test.
# Source file location $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.zip' # Destination to save the file $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.zip' #Download the file Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $source -OutFile $destination The demonstration below shows the expected result later running the code above in PowerShell. Every bit you can meet, the file download was successful.
How almost if the source requires authentication before allowing access? For instance, the lawmaking below downloads a file from a private website where users must log in.
$source = 'https://mirror.lzex.ml/100MB.zip' $destination = 'c:\dload\100MB.nada' Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $source -OutFile $destination However, the download failed due to unauthorized access.
If authentication is required, you should add together a credential to the request using the -Credential parameter. The offset line in the code below prompts y'all to enter the credential (username and countersign) and stores it to the $credential variable.
$credential = Get-Credential $source = 'https://mirror.lzex.ml/100MB.nil' $destination = 'c:\dload\100MB.cipher' Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $source -OutFile $destination -Credential $credential The demonstration below shows what you'd look to run across when yous run the above code in PowerShell. As yous tin see, the Get-Credential cmdlet prompted a PowerShell credential request. This time, using the credential with Invoke-WebRequest resulted in a successful download.
Related: Using the PowerShell Get-Credential Cmdlet and all things credentials
Looking Out for Parsing Errors when using Invoke-WebRequest
A crucial affair to retrieve when using Invoke-WebRequest in Windows PowerShell is that, by default, this cmdlet uses the Internet Explorer engine to parse data. The error below may happen when using Invoke-WebRequest on computers without the Internet Explorer in information technology.
You'll have to re-issue your control, only this time, include the -UseBasicParsing switch.
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri <source> -OutFile <destination> -UseBasicParsing In Windows PowerShell, you may receive an error bulletin: The response content cannot be parsed because the Internet Explorer engine is non available, or Internet Explorer's commencement-launch configuration is not complete. Specify the UseBasicParsing parameter and try again.
Starting with PowerShell Core 6.0, the Invoke-WebRequest cmdlet uses bones parsing simply. As such, the -UseBasicParsing parameter is no longer necessary.
Using Invoke-RestMethod
The Invoke-RestMethod cmdlet is more about sending an HTTP or HTTPS asking to a RESTful web service. This cmdlet is more suited for requests that interact with Residue APIs such as Microsoft Graph API.
When it comes to downloading files direct from the web, Invoke-RestMethod is an excellent contender. Do not be deceived into thinking otherwise. There is not much divergence between using Invoke-RestMethod and Invoke-WebRequest when used for downloading files from a direct web link.
Downloading a File using Invoke-RestMethod
To download a file using Invoke-RestMethod, use the syntax below. Y'all'll notice that the command uses the same parameters as Invoke-WebRequest.
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri <source> -OutFile <destination> In the instance code below, the file is downloaded from the URL value in the $source variable. Then, saved to the path divers in the $destination variable.
$source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.naught' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.zip' Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $source -OutFile $destination If the source requires authentication, you lot can laissez passer the credentials using the -Credential parameter. The example beneath prompts for the credentials and stores it to the $credential variable. The value of the $credential variable is and so passed to the -Credential parameter.
Also, since the file link is an HTTP source and non HTTPS, information technology means that you are sending an unencrypted authentication. Typically, y'all should avoid using HTTP sources for security. Simply if you must utilise an HTTP source, you need to add the -AllowUnencryptedAuthentication switch to your command.
$credential = Get-Credential $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.cipher' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.nothing' Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $source -OutFile $destination -Credential $credential -AllowUnencryptedAuthentication Using Start-BitsTransfer
Get-go-BitsTransfer is designed specifically for transferring files between customer and server computers. This PowerShell cmdlet is dependent on the Background Intelligent Transfer Service (Bits) that is native to the Windows operating organization.
Because Beginning-BitsTransfer requires BITS to work ways that this cmdlet is not bachelor on non-Windows computers. On the flipside, Offset-BitsTransfer enjoys the benefits of BITS itself. Some of these benefits are:
- Network bandwidth and usage sensation.
- Break treatment (resume, auto-resume, pause, etc.)
- Downloading multiple files equally groundwork jobs.
- Ability to set up download task priorities.
Downloading a File
The central fashion to use Starting time-BitsTransfer in PowerShell to download a file is to specify a source and destination. Using the script beneath, y'all only demand to change the $source and $destination values co-ordinate to your requirements.
$source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/100MB.zip' $destination = 'c:\dload\100MB.zip' Showtime-BitsTransfer -Source $source -Destination $destination Every bit you tin see from the demo beneath, the file is downloaded to the path c:\dload\100MB.zip.
Suppose the destination is not specified,
Outset-BitsTransferdownloads and saves the file to the current working directory. For case, if yous runStart-BitsTransferfrom C:\dload, the file downloads to the same directory.
For downloads that require authentication, Commencement-BitsTransfer has a -Credential parameter that accepts a PSCredential object.
Downloading Multiple Files
To demonstrate downloading multiple files, you'll demand to create a CSV file with two columns. Name the file filelist.txt. The first cavalcade should contain the link to the source, while the second column must contain the destination path. The file contents would like the one beneath.
# source,destination http://speedtest.tele2.cyberspace/1MB.nix,c:\dload\1MB.zippo http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.zip,c:\dload\10MB.nothing http://speedtest.tele2.net/100MB.zip,c:\dload\100MB.zip Related: Managing CSV Files in PowerShell with Import-Csv
Once the CSV file is fix, apply the command beneath to begin the file download. The command imports the CSV file using Import-Csv and passes the contents to Start-BitsTransfer.
Import-Csv .\filelist.csv | First-BitsTransfer Refer to the demo beneath to run into how the code in a higher place works. Every bit you tin meet, the download starts, and you see the download progress. The PowerShell prompt is non available during the download procedure.
Suppose you lot want to start the download procedure as a groundwork job. To exercise and then, you only have to add the -Asynchronous switch at the finish of the Outset-BitsTransfer command.
Import-Csv .\filelist.csv | Start-BitsTransfer -Asynchronous Initially, the state of each job would show connecting. The screenshot below shows each file download's job id.
Now that you've started the download process, you'll want to check whether the download has been completed. To cheque the download job status, use the Get-BitsTransfer cmdlet. As you can see below, the download jobs' condition has inverse to Transferred.
Using WebClient Grade and HttpClient Class (.Net Framework)
PowerShell is based on .Cyberspace, and its nature makes it capable of leveraging the power of .Internet itself. There'due south 2 .Cyberspace grade you tin apply in PowerShell to download files; WebClient and HttpClient.
If you want to know more about these two .Cyberspace course in more development and technical fashion, you could start with → When to use WebClient vs. HttpClient vs. HttpWebRequest. In the adjacent section, you will acquire how to use WebClient and HttpClient in PowerShell to download files from the web.
Downloading a File using System.Internet.WebClient
To utilise the WebClient grade, you demand to initiate an object as a System.Net.WebClient **type. In the example below, the $webClient is the new Organization.Cyberspace.WebClient object. And so, using the DownloadFile() method starts the download of the file from the source.
Related: Using PowerShell Information Types Accelerators to Speed up Coding
Please copy the code beneath and run it in your PowerShell session to test. Note that yous volition not see any progress or output on the screen unless at that place's an fault. However, the PowerShell prompt will be locked until the download is complete.
# Define the source link and destination path $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.nix' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.zip' # Create the new WebClient $webClient = [Organization.Net.WebClient]::new() # Download the file $webClient.DownloadFile($source, $destination) If the source requires authentication to allow the file download, you tin use the code below. The first line prompts for the credential and stores it to the $credentials variable. The value of $credential is then included in the file download request.
# Prompt for username and password $credentials = Get-Credential $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.cyberspace/10MB.zip' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.zip' # Create the new WebClient $webClient = [System.Net.WebClient]::new() # Add the credential $webClient.Credentials = $credentials # Download the file $webClient.DownloadFile($source, $destination) According to this Microsoft document: "Nosotros don't recommend that you lot use the WebClient grade for new development. Instead, use the System.Net.Http.HttpClient class."
Information technology appears that the WebClient class is obsolete, and the new grade that Microsoft is endorsing is the HttpClient grade. Don't worry, though. The adjacent section talks about using the HttpClient course in PowerShell to download files from the web.
Downloading a File using System.Net.Http.HttpClient
Like the WebClient class, you need to create first the System.Internet.Http.HttpClient. Using the lawmaking below downloads the file from the $source to the $destination. Refer to the comments above each line to know what each line of code does.
The code below is live, and you can test information technology by running it in your PowerShell session.
# Gear up the source and destination $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.zip' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.nada' # Create the HTTP client download request $httpClient = New-Object System.Net.Http.HttpClient $response = $httpClient.GetAsync($source) $response.Expect() # Create a file stream to pointed to the output file destination $outputFileStream = [System.IO.FileStream]::new($destination, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create, [Organization.IO.FileAccess]::Write) # Stream the download to the destination file stream $downloadTask = $response.Result.Content.CopyToAsync($outputFileStream) $downloadTask.Wait() # Close the file stream $outputFileStream.Close() In situations where downloading a file requires authentication, you need to add the credential to the HttpClient object. To include a credential to the file download request, create a new System.Cyberspace.Http.HttpClientHandler object to shop the credentials.
You lot can re-create the code below and run it in PowerShell to test. Or you can also run it as a PowerShell script. In this case, the code is saved as download-file.ps1.
# Set up the source and destination $source = 'http://speedtest.tele2.net/10MB.zip' $destination = 'c:\dload\10MB.cipher' # Prompt for credentials $credentials = Get-Credential # Create the HTTP client download request with credentials $handler = New-Object System.Net.Http.HttpClientHandler $handler.Credentials = $credentials $httpClient = New-Object Organization.Cyberspace.Http.HttpClient($handler) $response = $httpClient.GetAsync($source) $response.Wait() # Create a file stream to pointed to the output file destination $outputFileStream = [System.IO.FileStream]::new($destination, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Write) # Stream the download to the destination file stream $downloadTask = $response.Result.Content.CopyToAsync($outputFileStream) $downloadTask.Wait() # Close the file stream $outputFileStream.Close() The demo below shows the result when running the PowerShell script to download the file.
At the outset, the directory only has the script file in it. There's a prompt to enter the username and countersign. Then, the script proceeds to download the file. After downloading the file, yous can see that the new file is now inside the destination directory.
Conclusion
Windows PowerShell and PowerShell Core come with built-in capabilities to download files, acting as a PowerShell wget alternative! Whether downloading password-protected sources, single or multiple files – a PowerShell way is available to you lot.
The file download methods covered in this commodity works on both Windows PowerShell and PowerShell Core. This ways that these methods utilise to both Windows and Not-Windows systems, with the exclusion of Offset-BitsTransfer.
And since PowerShell is more than a command prompt, you tin translate what y'all learned into scripts. For you lot, that would mean an opportunity for automation. No more copying URLs, clicking links, and waiting for downloads manually.
Source: https://adamtheautomator.com/powershell-download-file/
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